Tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecanes and process for the preparation thereof

ABSTRACT

Tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecanes of the formula   WHEREIN A is alkylene of 1-4 carbon atoms, X is O or S and R1 is alkyl of 2-21 carbon atoms or -(CH2)n-COOR2 in which n is 1-3 and R2 is alkyl of up to 18 carbon atoms, which are stabilizers for polyolefins and other polymers, are produced by reacting pentaerythritol with an aldehyde of the formula R1-X-A-CHO or by reacting the corresponding bis-p,p&#39;&#39;-alkenyl substituted or bis-p, p&#39;&#39;-hydroxyalkyl substituted tetraoxaspirol(5,5)undecanes with a compound of the formula R1-XH in which R1, X and A have the values given above.   D R A W I N G

nite States Inventors Wolfgang Fruhstorler;

llstvan Nameny; Wilhelm Baumer; Bel-ml lDennler, all of Darmstadlt, Germany 879,923

Nov. 25, 1969 Nov. 16, 1971 E. Merck A.G.

Darmstadt, Germany Dec. 7, 1968 Germany App]. No. Filed Patented Assignee Priority TETRAOXASPIROG,S)UNDECANES AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF 20 Claims, N0 Drawings U.S. Cl 260/340.7,

260/45.8, 252/406, 252/407 Int. Cl C07d 15/00 Field of Search 260/3407 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,136,785 6/1964 Porret et a1. 260/3407 3,161,619 12/1964 Rice et al 260/3407 Primary ExaminerAlex Maze] Assistant Examiner-James H. Tumipseed Attorney-J. William Millen TETRAOXASPIRO(5,5)UNDECANES AND PROCESS FOR TIE PREPARATION THEREOF BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to novel tetraoxaspiro(5,5)und 5 ecanes, more particularly to such compounds which are stabilizers for polymers,

The stabilization of polymers, particularly polyolefins, is a well recognized problem. Some compounds are good stabill izers to degradation due to heat and others stabilize against degradation to light.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, polymers are stabilized against degradation due to heat and light by the incorporation therein of an effective amount of a p,p'-bis-alkyl substituted tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane as defined herein.

lt is an object of this invention to provide novel tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecanes. Another object is the provision of polymers stabilized against heat by the incorporation therein of the novel tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecanes of this invention. Still another object is the provision of a process for the stabilization of polymers by the incorporation therein of the tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecanes of this invention. A further object is the provision of processes for the production of the tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecanes of this invention. Other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The compounds of this invention have the general Formula wherein R is alkyl of 7-18 carbon atoms; ly -CH,CH,-S-CH,COOR

These preferred compounds fall into the following classes:

a. those in which X and R have the values given in Formula I and A=CHR(CHR),,,, wherein R is H or CH R, is H or CH and m is 0 or 1, especially those e.g., R is H, e.g., those wherein R, is H and m is 0, or m is l and R is H, or m is l and R is -Cl-I(CH including each of the above wherein X is 0 (oxygen) and each of the above wherein .X is S (sulfur);

b. Those in which X has the value given in Formula I and R is alkyl of 8-18 carbon atoms, and/or A is -CH CH including any of the above wherein X is O and the above wherein X is S; and

c. those in which A and X have the values given in Formula 1 and R is (CI-I ),,-COOR wherein either n is 1 or R is alkyl of 7-18 carbon atoms, especially each of the above wherein A=-CH including the latter wherein X is O and the latter wherein X is S.

Tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecanes of Formula I are prepared by reacting pentaerythritol with an aldehyde of the general formula R ACI-IO or by reacting a tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )und ecane of the general Formula II KDCZM wherein A, represents an alkenyl group of not more than four carbon atoms, corresponding to the residue A, or the group AZ in which Z is an OH-group which optionally can be reactively esterified, with a compound of "the general formula RXl-l, R in both instances and X having the meanings given above.

In the above-mentioned formulas, -A-XR preferably is -CHR ,),,,-X-R, wherein R R and m have the meanings given in Formula la, but R more preferably is H. For example, A preferably is -CI-l -Cl-I CH CH CI-I(CH or -CH(CH;,)-CH A can also be -CI-I(CH 2)a, 2)4 a) 2 z, 2 a )CI-l CH CH CH(CH -CI-I(C I-I )CH -Cl-l CH(C2H5) 3)Z 2 2- 3)z, a H or CI-I(isoC I-I The alkyl groups R and R preferably are ethyl, n-propyl isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, n-octyl isooctyl (Z-ethyl-hexyl), nnonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, isododecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, isopentadecyl, n-hexadecyl (palmityl), isohexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-ocrtadecyl (stearyl), or isooctadecyl. R also can be methyl; n and m are each preferably 1. Preferred alkenyl groups in the residue A, are: vinyl and propen-l-yl. Others are allyl, propen-2-yl, and 2- buten-Z-yl. Z preferably is C1 or Br but it can also represent I, an alkane or arylsulfonyloxy group, e.g., rnethanesulfonyloxy,

0 benzenesulfonyloxy, p-toluene-sulfonyloxy, or other reactive ester groups, as well as free OH.

The starting materials of Formula II can be obtained by reacting pentaerythritol with aldehydes of the formula A -Cl'lO, e.g., acrolein, crotonaldehyde, methacrolein, chloroacetaldehyde, bromoacetaldehyde.

The reaction of pentaerythritol with an aldehyde of the formula R-X-A-CHO is normally conducted in the presence of an inert solvent, e.g., benzene, toluene, or xylene, and in the presence of a strongly acidic catalyst, e.g., p-toluenesulfonic 70 acid or sulfuric acid, or an acidic ion exchanger, in accordance with conventional acetalizing methods. It is advantageous to remove the water formed during the reaction A-from the reaction mixture, for example, with the aid of a water trap. The reaction takes place at temperatures of between 0 and 150, preferably at the boiling temperature of the solvent employed. The aldehydes used in this reaction are known. They can be obtained by the chemical addition of alcohols or mercaptans of the formula R-Xll-l to aldehydes of the formula A,-Cll-l0, e.g., acrolein, crotonaldehyde, or methacrolein, with base catalysts. Preferred aldehydes are those wherein the residue lR-X-A- has the meanings given for compounds of Formulas la through lzd.

The reaction of spiranes of Formula ll with alcohols or mercaptans of the formula RXl-l is also preferably conducted in the presence of an inert solvent, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, in the presence of a basic catalyst, such as pyridine, triethylamine, sodium or potassium hydroxide, or sodium or potassium carbonate, especially at temperatures of between and 150 C., preferably at the boiling temperature of the solvent employed. Examples of spiranes of Formula 11 are 3,9- bis-(chloromethyl)-, 3,9-bis-(bromomethy1)-, 3,9-divinyl-, 3,9-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-, 3,9-bis-(2-bromoethyl)-, 3,9-bis-(2- iodoethyl)-, 3,9-bis-(2-p-toluenesulfonyloxyethyl)-, 3,9-bis- (2-methanesulfonyloxyethyl)-, 3,9-bis-(2-benzenesulfonyloxyethy1)-, 3,9-bis-(1-bromoethyl)-3,9-bis-( 1-chloroethyl)-, 3,9- bis-(propen-1-yl)-, 3,9-diallyl-, 3,9-bis-( 2-bromopropyl)-, 3,9- bis-( 2-chloropropyl)-, 3,9-bis-( 3-bromopropyl)-, 3,9-bis-( 3- chloropropyl)-, 3,9-bis-(propen-2-y1)-, 3,9-bis-( l-bromo-2- propyl)-, 3,9-bis-(2-buten-2-yl)-, and 3,9-bis-(3-brom0-2-butyl)-2,4,8,l0-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane. Alcohols and mercaptans of the formula R-Xl-l include ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, n-amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, n-hexanol, isohexanol, n-heptanol, isoheptanol, n-octanol, isooctanol, n-nonanol, n-decanol, n-undecanol, n-

. dodecanol, isododecanol, n-tridecanol, n-tetradecanol, n-pentadecanol, isopentadecanol, n-hexadecanol, isohexadecanol n-heptadecanol, n-octadecanol, isooctadecanol, eicosanol, and heneicosanol, and the corresponding thiols. lt is also possible to employ technical grade mixtures of alcohols or mercaptans of various chain lengths, for example a technical mixture of alcohols having chain lengths from C to C This invention relates to the use of compounds of the general formula l for the stabilization of polymers, preferably polyolefins, particularly polyethylene or polypropylene, 0ptionally in combination with conventional stabilizers.

The incorporation of the compounds of this invention into the polymers to be stabilized does not present any special technical problems and is done in accordance with conventional methods, preferably by mechanical mixing of the powdered components. However, it is also possible to add the stabilizer of this invention to the monomers prior to polymerization, thus obtaining a stabilized product by the polymerizing process.

it is furthermore possible, in accordance with the invention, to apply the novel stabilizers in combination with conventional stabilizers. Especially suitable are phenols alkylated in the aromatic nucleus (e.g., 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol), fatty acid esters or dicarboxylic acid esters, respectively, containing thioether groups or mercapto groups, e.g., esters of B,fi-thiodipropionic acid or of thioglycolic acid, and aromatic amines, e.g., N ,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine.

In addition to, or in place of, the conventional stabilizers, it

is also possible to add to the polymer further additives, for example, technical light-protective agents (UV-absorbents). Suitable light-protective agents are, for example, o-hydroxybenzophenones, benzotriazole derivatives, salicylic acid derivatives, substituted cinnamic acid nitriles.

The compounds of Formula l are employed in accordance with this invention as stabilizers, generally in amounts of 0.05-3 percent by weight, preferably 0.1-1 percent, and usually about 0.05 percent by weight, calculated on the dry polymer. lf conventional stabilizers are also employed, the total stabilizer content is usually 0.1-5 percent by weight, preferably 0.1-1 percent, and usually about 0.5 percent by weight, based on the dry polymer. When using additional light-protective agents, it is desirable to incorporate in the polymer from 0.1-0.5 percent by weight of the tetraoxaspiroundecane and 0.2-0.7 percent by weight of the lightprotective agent. t

Polymers which can be stabilized by the compounds of this invention include polyoletins, both high-pressure and lowpressure, especially polyethylene and polypropylene, and polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene; copolymers thereof, e.g., copolymers of styrene and ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene or butadiene; copolymers of ethylene and propylene; copolymers of ethylene and vinyl esters, e.g., vinyl acetate; copolymers of ethylene and acrylic acid, salts thereof or esters thereof, e.g., ethyl acrylate; chlorinated polyethylene; sulfochlorinated polyethylene; and polyvinyl chloride.

Among the polymers which are stabilized with the com pounds of this invention, are polyethylenes and polypropylenes having molecular weights between 3,000 and 10,000,000, preferably between 5,000 and 5,000,000. The polyethylenes exhibit densities of between about 0.92 and 0.98 and melt indices MFl of between about 0.001 and 40, preferably between 0.01 and 30, especially between 0.1 and 25 g. X10 min. the polypropylene-s exhibit densities of between about 0.90 and 0.92, and melt indices hlll l of between about 0.1 and 25 g. X10 min."'.

The stabilizing efiect of the compounds of this invention can be determined by measuring the elongation-at-rupture [German industrial Standard 43,455] of polyethylene test bodies stabilized with a compound of Formula 1, in the manner described below.

Unstabilized, powdered low-pressure polyethylene density 0.94-0.96; melt index lVllFll (ASTM 1238-571, 5 kg. load) 1.3-1.8 g.Xl0 min.""'] was intimately mixed with 0.5 percent by weight of a compound of this invention. The mixture was thereafter kneaded in a mixing roll mill for 1 hour at 145 C. The rolled polymer was molded into sheets of 2 mm. thickness with a hydraulic press at l45-150 C. and a pressure of about kp./cm. From these sheets, test bodies of 10x50 mm. were cut, and the elongation at rupture was measured on these bodies by means of the tensile strength testing machine. Other test bodies were illuminated in the xenon test apparatus to determine their internal discoloration due to light.

in this manner, stabilized polyethylenes were obtained using the compounds of this invention as stabilizers. The following values for the elongation at rupture (D) were obtained in the above-described test for polyethylenes stabilized with the compounds set out below:

Stabilizer Elongation at Rupture (D) 3,9-bis-(2-isooctyloxyethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro (5,5 )undecane 9.4 3,9-bis-( Z-n-dodecyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl)-2,4,8, I 0- tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecane 8.4 3,9-bis-( Z-n-dodecylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 10-

tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecnne 7.88 3,9-bis-( 2-isooctyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 10-

tctmoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecam: 7.8 3,9-bis-( 2-n-octadccyloxycarbonylmethylthio-ethyl 2,4,8, lO-tctraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane 7.2

Unstabilized polyethylene, under the same conditions, exhibited practically no elongation at all (D=0). None of the above samples showed a discoloration due to light.

in the following examples, the preparation of several typical compounds of this invention is described. Some products are crystalline, others are nondistillable oils which were characterized by determining the molecular weight (MW) thereof by mass spectroscopy.

Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. in the following examples, all degrees given are in degrees Centigrade.

200 mi. of chloroform. At a temperature of 5 C. a stream of 5 gaseous hydrogen bromide is introduced into the solution for 20 minutes. The solution is poured on ice water and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform phase is washed neutral and evaporated, the remaining 3,9-Bis-( bromoethyl)- 14.8,]OtetraoxaspiroOundecane is recrystallized from petroleum ether. Mp. 8445.

EXAMPLE A 51.6 ,g. of 3-dodecylthiopropanal (,Bdodecylthiopropion-aldehyde) and 13.6 g. of pentaerythritol are boiled in 170 ml. of benzene with 0.5 g. of p-toluenesulfonic acid on a water trap. After 3%. hours, 4 ml. of water has been separated. The benzene is distilled ofi, and the thusobtained 3,9-bis-(2-ndodecylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 1 -tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecane is recrystallized from ethanol, m.p. 35

in an analogous manner, the following compounds are obtained by the reaction of pentaerythritol with:

Zhethoxypropanal: 3,9-lBis-( Z-ethouyethyl )-2, l-,8, l0-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )-undecane, oil, MW 304;

3-n-Butoxypropanal:

3 ,9-Bis-( 2-n-buto1ryethyl )-2,4,8, l 0-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )-undecane, oil, MW 360;

3-lsooctyloxypropanal:

3,9-lBis-( 2-isooctyloxyethyl )-2,4,8, 1 0-tetraoxaspiro( ,5

undecane, oil, MW 472;

3ethylthiopropanal: 3 ,9-Bis Z-ethylthioethyl )-2,4,8, l O-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )-undecane, oil, MW 337;

3-n-il3utylthiopropanal:

3,9-Bis-(2-n-butylthioethyl )-2,4,8,l0-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5

undecane, oil, MW 393;

S-n-Octylthiopropanal:

3,9-lBis-( 2-n-octylthioethyl)-2,4,8, l 0-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5

undecane, m.p. 30-32; 3-n-Hexadecylthiopropanal: 3 ,9-Bis-( Z-n-hexadecylthioethyl )-2,4,8, l O-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecane, m.p. 74 (from ethanol);

the methyl ester of S-( 3-oxopropyl)-thioglycolic acid:

3,9-Bis-( 2-methoxycarbonylmethylthioethyl)-2 ,4,8,

tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane, oil, MW 424;

the isobutyl ester of S-( 3-oxopropyl)-thioglycolic acid: 3,9-

bis-( 2-isobutoxycarbonylmethylthioethyl)-2, l,8, l 0- tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane, oil, MW 508;

the isooctyl ester of S-(3-oxopropyl)thiogycolic acid: 3,9-

bis-( 2-isooctylouycarbonylmethylthioethyl)-2,4,8, l 0- tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecane, b.p. 170/0.0l mm;

the methyl ester offi-( 3-oxopropylthio)-propionic acid:

3 ,9-bis-[ 2-( 2-methoxycarbonylethylthio)-ethyl ]-2,4,8, 10

tetraonaspiro( 5,5) undecane, oil, MW 452;

the isobutyl ester oi;3-( 3-oxopropylthio)-propionic acid:

3,9-bis-[ 2-( 2-isobutoxycarbonylethylthio)-ethyl ]-2,4,8, 1 0- tetrao:laspiro(5,5)undecane, oil, MW 536;

the isooctyl ester of ;3-( 3-oxopropylthio)-propionic acid:3,9-bis-[2-(Z-isooctyloxycarbonylethylthio)-ethyl]- 2,4,8,l0-tetraoxaspiro(5,5) undecane, oil, MW 648;

the n-dodecyl ester otfi-(3-oxopropylthio )-propionic acid:

3 ,9-bis-[ 2-( 2-n-d0decyloxycarbonylethylthio )-ethyl 2,4,8,lO-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane, m.p. 45;

the n-octadecyl ester of fi-( 3-oxopropylthio)-propi0nic acid:

3,9-bis-[ 2-( 2-n-octadecyloxycarbonylethylthio)-ethyl]- 2,4,8,lO-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane, m.p. 62-64;

the methyl ester of 'y-( 3-oxopropylthio)-butyric acid:

3,9-bis-[2-(3-methoxycarbonylpropylthio)-ethyl1-2,4,8,l0-

tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane, oil, MW 480; the n-octadecyl ester oi y-(3-oxopropylthio)-butyric acid:

3,9-bis-[2( 3-n-octadecyloxycarbonylpropylthio )-ethyl 1- 2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecane, m.p. 6840 EXAMPLE B Twenty-one g. of 3,9-divinyl-2,4,8,l D-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5)undecane (obtainable from pentaerythritol and acrolein) and 5 2 g. of the n-dodecyl ester of thioglycolic acid are boiled in 500 ml. of benzene with 5 ml. of pyridine for 3 hours. After 2 hours, another 2 ml. of pyridine is added. The solvent is distilled obi, the residue is mixed with 150 ml. of ethanol and allowed to stand overnight. The thus-obtained 3,9-bis-( 2-ndodecyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 1 O-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane is vacuum-filtered and recrystallized from ethanol; m.p. 43.

Similarly, the following compounds are obtained by the reaction oi 3,9-divinyl-2,4,8, l O-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecane with:

Ethyl mercaptan: 3 ,9-Bis-( 2-ethylthioethyl)-2,4,8, l 0-tetra0xaspir0( 5 ,5 )und ecane, oil, MW 337;

n-l5utyl mercaptan:

3,9-Bis-( Z-n-butylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 1 U-ICtl'aOX- aspiro(5,5 )undecane, oil, MW 393;

n-Octyl mercaptan:

3,9-Bis-( 2-n-octylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 1 o-tcuaoxaspiro (5,5 )undecane, m.p. 3032;

n-Dodecyl mercaptan:

3,9-Bis-(2-n-dodecylthioethyl)-2,4,8,.lO-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane, m.p. 35;

n-Hexadecyl mercaptan:

3 ,9-lBis-( Z-n-hexadecylthioethyl)-2,4,8, l O-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecane, m.p. 74;

the octadecyl ester of thioglycolic acid:

3,9-bis-(2-n-octadecyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl)- 2,4,8,l0-tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane, m.p. 63-64.

In an analogous manner, the following compounds are produced by the reaction of 3,9-dipropenyl-2,4,8,lO-tetraoxaspir0(5,5 )undecane (obtainable from pentaerythritol and crotonaldehyde) with:

n-Butyl mercaptan:

3,9-lBis-(2-n-butylthio-l-propyl)-2,4,8,IO-tetraoxaspiro(5 ,5 )undecane, m.p. 6668;

n-Octyl mercaptan:

3 ,9-lBis-92-n-octylthiol-propyl )'2,4,8, 1 O-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane, m.p. 73-75;.

n-Dodecyl mercaptan:

3,9-Bis-( 2-n-dodecylthiol -propyl )-2,-4,8, l O-tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane, m.p. 78;

n-ll-lexadecyl mercaptan:

3,9-Bis-( Z-n-hexadecylthiol -propyl )2,4,8, IO-tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane, m.p. 586tl nOctadecyl mercaptan:

3 ,9-Bis-( Z-n-octadecylthiol -propyl )-2,4,8, 1 O-tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane, m.p. 62-64;

the n-dodecyl ester of thioglycolic acid:

3,9-bis-( 2-n-dodecyloxycarbonylmethylthiol -propyl)- 2,4,8, 1 0-tetraoxaspiro(5 ,5 )undecane, oil, MW 760; the n-dodecyl ester ofB-mercaptopropionic acid:

3 ,9-bis-[ 2-( Z-n-dodecyloxycarbonylethylthio l -propyl 2,4,8, l0-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )undecane, m.p. 56-5 8.

Analogously, by reaction with the corresponding mercaptans, the following compounds are obtained by the reaction of 3 ,9-bis-(propen-2-yl )-2,4,8, l0-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )undecane (obtainable from pentaerythritol and methacrolein) with:

Ethyl mercaptan:

3 ,9-1Bis-( l -ethyltl1io-2-propyl )2,4,8 1 O-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )undecane;

n-Butyl mercaptan:

3 ,9-Bis-( l-n-butylthio-Z-propyl )-2,4,8, 1 0-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane:

n-0ctyl mercaptan:

3 ,9-Bis( l-n-octylthio-Z-propyl )-2,4,8 l O-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane;

decane 0.3

decane 2.6'Di-terL-butyl-4-methylphenol 0.2

EXAMPLE 7 Polyethylene 99.5

3.9-Bis (n dodecylthiomethyl)-2,4,8,l-

tetrzioxaspito(5,5)undecane 0.4

2.2-Dihydroxy-3.3-di-tert.-butyl-5.5

dimethyldiphenylmethane 0.]

EXAMPLE 8 Polyethylene 99.5

letraoxaspiro( 5,5 )undecune 0.25

2,2-Bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane 0.25

EXAMPLE 9 Polyethylene 99.6

3,9-Bis-( 2 ndodecyloxycurbonylmethylthioethyl)2,4,8.l0tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane 0.2

butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene 0.2

EXAMPLE 1O Polyethylene 99.3

3,9Bis-( 2-n-butylthiol -propyl )-2,4,8, 1 0- tetraoxaspiro(5,5 )undecane 0.3

3-(3.5-Di-tert.-butyl-4hydroxyphenyl)- propionic acid pcntaerythritol monoester 0.4

EXAMPLE 1 l Polyethylene 99.4

3,9-Bis-( 2-n-dodecyloxycarbonylmethylthio-l-propyl)-2,4.8,IO-tetraoxaspiro- (5,5)undecane 0.3

3-(3.5-Di-tert.-butyl 4-hydroxyphenyl)- propionic acid stcuryl ester 0.3

EXAMPLE l2 Polyethylene 99.5

tetraoxaspirot5,5)undecane 0.2

5 .B Thiodi ropiQnic acid diluuryl ester 0.3

EXAMPLE l3 Polyethylene (D=0.9300.932; MFI l7-22) 99.5

3,9Bis-(2isobutoxycarbonylmethoxyethyl) 2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5.5)undecane 0.2

B5 "Thiodipropionic acid distearyl ester 0.3

EXAMPLE l4 Polyethylene (D=0.9l80.920; MFl, 1.2-1.7) 99.5

tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane 0.25

2,6 Di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol 0.25

EXAMPLE l5 Polyvinyl chloride 99.5

N,N-Diphenyl p-phenylunediumine 0.2

EXAMPLE 16 Polyvinyl chloride 99.5 3.9-Bis-(2-n-butylthiol-propyl)-2.4,8,l0- tetruoxuspiro( 5.5 )undecune O. 3 N.N'-Diphenyl-p-phenylencdiumine 0.2

EXAMPLE 17 Polyethylene 99.2 3,9 Bis-(2-n-dodeeyloxycurbonylmethylthiocthyl)-2,4,8.l0-tetruoxuspiro(5.5)undecune 0.3 Z-Hydroxybcnzoic acid -ptert.-butylphenyl 0.5

EXAMPLE l8 Polyethylene 99.0 3 ,9-Bis-( 2-n-dodecylthioethyl)-2,4,8 l 0- tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane 0.4 Z-Hydroxybenzoic acid-p-octylphenyl ester 06 EXAMPLE 19 Polyethylene 99.2 3,9-Bis-( 2-isooctyloxethyl )-2,4,8, 10- tetraoxaspiro(5.5)undecane 0.2 Z-Hydroxy-4-dodecylbenzophenone 0.6

EXAMPLE 20 Polyethylene 99.2 3,9-Bis(2-isobutoxycarbonylmethoxyethyl)- 2,4,8,l0-tetraoxaspiro(5.5)undecane 0.4 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone 0.4

EXAMPLE 21 Polyethylene 99.3 3,9-Bis-(2-n-dodecylthio-l-propyl)-2,4,8,l0

tetraoxuspirowj)undecune 0.3 5-Chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert.-butyl-5-methy|-phenyl)- benzotriazole 0.4

Example 22 Polyethylene (D=0.96; MFl, 19-23) 99.5 3,9-Bis-(isooctyloxymethyl)-2,4.8,l0-tetraoxaspiro( 5,5)undecane 0.2 Trisubstituted acrylonitrile (Uvinal N 35") 0.3

In the above formulation examples, it is possible to employ, in place of the aforementioned polymers, other low-pressure and high-pressure polyethylenes and polypropylenes and the other polymers set forth above.

The preceding examples can be repeated with similar success by substituting the generically or specifically described reactants and/or operating conditions of this invention for those used in the preceding examples.

From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.

What is claimed is:

l. A tetraoxaspiro (5,5 undecane of the formula wherein A is alkylene of one to four carbon atoms; R is a member of the group consisting of alkyl of two to 21 carbon atoms and a group of the formula --(CH ),,-COOR wherein R is alkyl of one to 18 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 1 to 3; and X is a memberof the group consisting of O and S.

2. A compound of claim 1 wherein A is an alkylene group of the formula -CHR (CHR in which R is H or CH R is H or CH and m is the integer or 1.

3. A compound of claim 2 wherein R is H.

41. A compound of claim 3 wherein m is O.

5. A compound of claim 3 wherein m is l and R is H.

6. A compound of claim 3 wherein m is l and R is CH 7. A compound of claim 1 wherein R is alkyl of two to 21 carbon atoms.

8. A compound of claim 7 wherein R is alkyl of eight to 18 carbon atoms.

9. A compound of claim 7 wherein R is H, m is l and R is H.

10. A compound of claim 9 wherein R is alkyl of eight to 18 carbon atoms.

11. A compound of claim 1 wherein R is a group of the formula CH ),,-COOR 112. A compound of claim 11 wherein n is l.

13. A compound of claim 12 wherein A is CH CH 14. A compound of claim 11 wherein R is alkyl of seven to 18 carbon atoms.

15. A compound of claim 14 wherein A is CH CH 16. The compound of claim 5, 3,9-Bis-(2-ndodecylthioethyl)-2,4,8, l0-tetraoxaspiro(5 ,5 )undecane.

17. The compound of claim 5, 3,9-Bis-(2-isooctyloxyethyl )-2,4,8 l O-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )undecane.

118. The compound of claim 13, 3,9-Bis-( 2-n-dodecyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 1 O-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )und ecane.

19. The compound of claim 13, 3,9-Bis-(2-n-octadecyloxycarbonylmethythioethyl )-2,4,8, l0-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )und ecane.

20. The compound of claim 13, 3,9-Bis-(2-isooctyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl )-2,4,8, 1 0-tetraoxaspiro( 5 ,5 )undecane. 

2. A compound of claim 1 wherein A is an alkylene group of the formula -CHR3-(CHR4)m- in which R3 is H or CH3, R4 is H or CH3 and m is the integer 0 or
 1. 3. A compound of claim 2 wherein R3 is H.
 4. A compound of claim 3 wherein m is O.
 5. A compound of claim 3 wherein m is 1 and R4 is H.
 6. A compound of claim 3 wherein m is 1 and R4 is CH3.
 7. A compound of claim 1 wherein R1 is alkyl of two to 21 carbon atoms.
 8. A compound of claim 7 wherein R1 is alkyl of eight to 18 carbon atoms.
 9. A compound of claim 7 wherein R3 is H, m is 1 and R4 is H.
 10. A compound of claim 9 wherein R1 is alkyl of eight to 18 carbon atoms.
 11. A compound of claim 1 wherein R1 is a group of the formula -(CH2)n-COOR2.
 12. A compound of claim 11 wherein n is
 1. 13. A compound of claim 12 wherein A is -CH2CH2-.
 14. A compound of claim 11 wherein R2 is alkyl of seven to 18 carbon atoms.
 15. A compound of claim 14 wherein A is -CH2CH2-.
 16. The compound of claim 5, 3,9-Bis-(2-n-dodecylthioethyl)-2,4, 8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane.
 17. The compound of claim 5, 3,9-Bis-(2-isooctyloxy-ethyl)-2,4, 8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane.
 18. The compound of claim 13, 3,9-Bis-(2-n-dodecyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5, 5)undecane.
 19. The compound of claim 13, 3,9-Bis-(2-n-octadecyloxycarbonylmethythioethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5, 5)undecane.
 20. The compound of claim 13, 3,9-Bis-(2-isooctyloxycarbonylmethylthioethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5, 5)undecane. 